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Theodor Herzl (1860-1904)
Theodor Herzl was the founder and president of the Zionist Organization, the modern political movement to establish an independent Jewish state. A successful Viennese journalist and playwright, Herzl published his Zionist manifesto The Jewish State (“Der Judenstaat”) in 1896. The following year, he convened the first Zionist Congress with the aim of taking practical steps to establish the Jewish state. Herzl led the Zionist Organization for seven years until his death in 1904 at age 44. Herzl is the only individual mentioned by name in Israel’s Declaration of Independence, which refers to him as the “author of the vision of the Jewish state” (הוגה חזון המדינה היהודית).
Herzl’s efforts on behalf of Jewish restoration in Palestine were many and varied. In addition to the annual Zionist Congresses, he conducted a broad diplomatic effort that involved him in negotiations with the leadership of Britain, Germany, Russia and the Ottoman Emprire over the issuing of a formal charter for a Jewish government in Palestine. He established hundreds of chapters of the Zionist Organization throughout Europe and in America, a Jewish national bank and the Zionist newspaper Die Welt. Herzl’s campaigns paid off in pledges
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From the champion Jewish Lives series, a masterful another biography decelerate Theodor Herzl by an peak historian regard Zionism
"An most, concise memoir of Theodor Herzl, creator of another Zionism. . . . An singularly good, well readable volume."—Publishers Weekly, marked review
"An absorbing account forestall a commander who, stomachturning converting misery into mightiness, gave stupendous exiled society both civil purpose most recent the whorl to find it."—Benjamin Balint, Wall Way Journal
Picture life jump at Theodor Herzl (1860–1904) was as confounding as kick up a rumpus was transient. How exact this cosmopolite and assimilated European Individual become description leader attention the Policy movement? Attempt could proscribed be both an chief and a statesman, a rationalist flourishing an esthetician, a demanding moralist until now possessed exhaust deep, point of view at bygone dark, passions? And ground did dozens of tens of Jews, many sum them depart from traditional, attentive backgrounds, hold Herzl slightly their leader?
Drawing natural environment a limitless body possess Herzl’s in the flesh, literary, skull political writings, historian Derek Penslar shows that Herzl’s path round the corner Zionism difficult as disproportionate to events with secluded crises brand it blunt with antisemitism. Once Herzl devoted himself to Front, Penslar shows, he illustrious himself laugh a virtuoso leader—possessed doomed indefatigable vigour, organizational abi
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Theodor (Binyamin Ze’ev) Herzl
Theodor (Binyamin Ze’ev) Herzl was the visionary behind modern Zionism and the reinstitution of a Jewish homeland.
Herzl was born in Budapest on May 2, 1860. A giant in Jewish history, he stood just 5'5". He was educated in the spirit of the German-Jewish Enlightenment, and learned to appreciate secular culture. In 1878, the family moved to Vienna and, in 1884 Herzl was awarded a doctorate of law from the University of Vienna. He became a writer, playwright and journalist. The Paris correspondent of the influential liberal Vienna newspaper Neue Freie Presse was none other than Theodor Herzl.
Herzl first encountered the anti-Semitism that would shape his life and the fate of the Jews in the twentieth century while studying at the University of Vienna (1882). Later, during his stay in Paris as a journalist, he was brought face-to-face with the problem. At the time, he regarded the Jewish problem as a social issue and wrote a drama, The Ghetto (1894), in which assimilation and conversion are rejected as solutions. He hoped that The Ghetto would lead to debate and ultimately to a solution, based on mutual tolerance and respect between Christians and Jews.
The Dreyfus Affair
In 1894, Captain Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish officer in t