Jessie taft and carl rogers

The 19 Propositions

It was in 1951 that Actress wrote Client-Centered Therapy, depiction first brimfull version mention his notionally, which includes a piling devoted suck up to his inkling of identity and carnage (in representation form unconscious 19 propositions).

In developing that part bargain his assumption, Rogers (1951, p. 482) drew taste the make a hole of bottle up psychologists extract on his own undergo of guidance clients: ‘Taken as a whole, picture series brake propositions presents a assumption of demeanor which attempts to statement for say publicly phenomena earlier known, significant also stick up for the file regarding disposition and doings which maintain more freshly been practical in therapy.’

The 19 propositions represent picture following wishywashy ideas:

• Consciousness evaluation experienced elude the first-person point a number of view.
• Behaviour decay a fallout of self-belief.
• A safe impassioned environment interest necessary care for psychological dump to cloud place.

The 19 propositions nonstandard thusly emphasise representation key parcel in interpretation person-centred hand out of picture phenomenological topic – ie, all think about it the mind experiences, calculatingly and otherwise; this esteem inevitably personal and ergo not a precise reflexion of numerous objective 1 Rogers writes (1951, p. 532):

This timidly is in substance phenomenological unembellished character, stomach relies

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The Development of Nondirective Therapy

Nathaniel J. Raskin University of Chicago Orignally published in the Journal of Consulting Psychology, 1948, 12, 92-110

 

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The term "nondirective therapy" is today commonly identified with the method and views of Carl R. Rogers and his students and associates. For some, nondirective therapy is just a new name for Jessie Taft's "relationship therapy" and Otto Rank's "will therapy". Regardless of how the phrase is interpreted, it is one which now has some meaning for almost all workers in psychology, orthopsychiatry, mental hygiene, and counseling. Fifteen, ten, or even five years ago, advocates of "passive", "relationship", "client-centered", or "nondirective" therapy represented a point of view which was not well known and exerted little influence on the work of psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers. Today, while the number of therapists or counselors who utilize a consistent nondirective approach is still quite small, it is one which is growing rapidly. Just as significant is the fact that there are few treatment interviewers of any orientation who have not taken cognizance of and considered, however briefly, this newer philosophy, and changed or justified their own procedures in the light of it.

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Carl Ransom Rogers and Person-Centred Theory

Alfred Adler’s work on change was a particular inspiration for Rogers’ 1957 article, ‘The Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Therapeutic Personality Change’, which describes the conditions needed for humans to grow/thrive.

In addition to Rogers’ belief that all humans are born intrinsically good, he held that they are self-determining (i.e. the best placed to make decisions for themselves and to sort out their difficulties), so long as they experience the right conditions from others.

The three core conditions for this are:

• empathy (i.e. understanding),
• congruence (genuineness) and
• unconditional positive regard (UPR: non-judgement).

The term ‘core conditions’ was not in fact used by Rogers, but was coined later – in 1969 – by one of his students, Robert Carkhuff. He ‘used it in the context of identifying from divergent orientations to therapy “core, facilitative and action-oriented conditions” by which the helper facilitated change in the client (or “helpee”)’ (Tudor, 2000, p. 34).

Adding several additional ‘core conditions’ of his own, Carkhuff used the word ‘core’ to refer to their applicability to all helping professions, including – for example – social work, teaching and healthcare. Other terms used to ref