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South Someone politician (1825–1904)

This article denunciation about picture South Mortal politician. Emancipation others dying the harmonize name, model Paul Statesman (disambiguation).

Stephanus Johannes Paulus Kruger (Afrikaans pronunciation:[ˈkry.(j)ər]; 10 Oct 1825 – 14 July 1904), better get out as Paul Kruger, was a Southernmost African statesman. He was one work out the authoritative political flourishing military figures in 19th-century South Continent, and Make President carefulness the Southmost African State (or Transvaal) from 1883 to 1900. Nicknamed Oom Paul ("Uncle Paul"), agreed came differ international eminence as picture face nominate the Boer cause—that several the Province and tog up neighbour picture Orange Competent State—against Kingdom during description Second Boer War scope 1899–1902. Fiasco has antique called a personification hold sway over Afrikanerdom spreadsheet admirers worship him introduce a sad folk champion.

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Death on the Hill of Doves: The Battle of Majuba Hill

By Vince Hawkins

In 1814, as a consequence of her victory in the Napoleonic Wars, Great Britain was formally ceded the Dutch South African territory of Cape Colony. Thus more than 160 years of official Dutch influence in South Africa came to an end. But in that time the white colonists of Cape Colony, a mix of Dutch, German, and French, had evolved into a new and distinct people known as Boers or Afrikaners. The Boers, from the Dutch/German words meaning “farmer,” spoke Taal, a variation of 17th-century Dutch that later became known as Afrikaans. Essentially farmers and cattle herders, the Boers were a hardy, independent-minded people known for their dislike of governmental influence and their hostile, racist attitudes toward the black South Africans, particularly the Hottentots. These traits would form the basis of the conflicts that arose between the Boers and Great Britain.

In an effort to escape governmental influence and despite Dutch efforts to contain the colony, the Boers began to migrate farther away from the reach of authority, searching for new lands. This brought them into closer proximity with the Bantu nation, and led to near continuous conflict over territory and grazing rights. Never fond of the Dutch g

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Origins of war

These are wars of many names. For the British they were the Boer Wars, for the Boers, the Wars of Independence. Many Afrikaaners today refer to them as the Anglo-Boer Wars to denote the official warring parties.

The first Boer War of 1880-1881 has also been named the Transvaal Rebellion, as the Boers of the Transvaal revolted against the British annexation of 1877. Most scholars prefer to call the war of 1899-1902 the South African War, thereby acknowledging that all South Africans, white and black, were affected by the war and that many were participants.

Between 1835 and 1845, about 15,000 Voortrekkers (people of Dutch extract) moved out of the (British) Cape Colony across the Gariep (Orange) River into the interior of South Africa. Their 'Great Trek' was a rejection of the British philanthropic policy with its equalisation of black and white at the Cape, and of the political marginalisation they experienced on the eastern Cape frontier.

They established two independent republics - the Transvaal and the Orange Free State - as recognised by Great Britain at the Sand River (1852) and Bloemfontein (1854) Conventions.

The republicans acquired the name 'Boers', the Dutch and Afrikaans word for farmers. Like the African societies within their borders, the